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Diamond Introduction
1. The name of the mineral is "diamond", English is Diamond, which is derived from ancient Greek adamant, which means hard and inviolable substances. The chemical components of diamonds are 99.98%of carbon. In other words, diamonds are actually a carbon crystal with a very high density.
2. Diamond Mo's hardness: 10, the highest hardness in natural minerals. But don't think that the diamond hardness is high, and it will never be damaged. In fact, diamond brittleness is also quite high, and it will still be broken if it collides with force.
3. Diamonds are cut into various shapes of diamonds according to the shape of its rough. Among them, the eight shapes of everyone are: round, oval, olive, heart, pear -shaped, square, triangular and green -column -shaped. Round diamond is the most common shape.
4. Diamonds are natural minerals. The main origin of diamonds is Australia, South Africa, and India; while the United States, India, Israel, and Belgium are the base for diamond processing and cutting. In particular, Belgium is a global recognized carving diamond trading center.
Chemoid
The chemical composition of the diamond is carbon, which is the only composed of a single element in the gem. The axis system of the genus. The shape of the crystal is mostly octopus, diamond -shaped duodang, tetraonal and clustering. Pure diamonds are colorless and transparent, which shows different colors due to the mix of trace elements. Qiang King Kong luster. The discount rate is 2.417, and the color is scattered, 0.044. Betal body. The thermal guidance rate is 0.35 calories/cm, 6.1 seconds, 6.1 degrees. Test it with a hot guide, the most sensitive response. The hardness is 10, which is currently known as the hardest mineral. The absolute hardness is 1,000 times that of quartz and 150 times the jade. They are afraid of hitting. A group of explanations are complete. Density 3.52 grams/cubic centimeter. Diamonds are luminous. After sunlight, light green phosphorus light can be emitted at night. X -ray irradiation, emitting sky blue fluorescence. The chemical properties of diamonds are very stable, and it is not easily dissolved in acid and alkali at room temperature, and acid and alkali will not have effect on it.
The difference between diamonds and similar gems and synthetic diamonds. Common substitutes or crickets in the gem market are colorless gemstones, color -free spine -free spine, cubic oxidation, titanic acid pupa, aluminum g utensils, tadpoils, and artificial golden stones. Synthetic diamonds were first successfully developed by Japan in 1955, but did not produce in batches. Because synthetic diamond costs higher than natural diamonds, synthetic diamonds on the market are rare. Diamonds can distinguish between gemstones similar to their unique hardness, density, scattering, and discounts. Such as: Cube of imitation diamonds is oxidized and colorless, with strong color scattered (0.060), strong luster, and density. It is 5.8 grams/cubic centimeter. Aluminum is soft and soft, and it is difficult to distinguish it from the diamond.
The Volkswagen gems that the people can have and wear. The culture of diamonds has a long history. Today, people think more as a symbol of love and loyalty.
In reasons for formation
The modern science and technology and means provide new ideas and methods for exploring the formation of diamonds. Diamonds are the hardest and simplest gems in the world. It is a natural crystal composed of carbon elements. Its treasure map diamond ingredients are basically the same as our common coal, pencil core and sugar ingredients. Under higher temperature and pressure, the carbon element forms graphite (black). Generally speaking, it is a hypoxic environment) Crystal is precious diamond (white). In order to facilitate understanding the origin of diamonds, first look at the original rocks containing diamonds.
since the diamond was discovered in India, we have continuously heard the story of people picking up diamonds by the river and river beach. This is because of the original rocks contained in diamonds in the upstream of the river. With the water flowing to the downstream area, the larger diamond is buried in the gravel. What is the original rock of the diamond? In 1870, people dug a diamond in a loess in a farm in South Africa. Since then, the digging of the diamond is transferred from the riverbed to the loess. Under the loess is the hard dark blue rock, which is the diamond -ray rock -Jinbieliyan (). What is Kimbeli Rock? Kimbeli Rock is a alkaline super -based volcanic rock formed in the deep part of the earth and containing a large amount of carbonated gas. This rock often contains olive rocks and dumberfish fragments from deep earth. Stone, Jinyun mother, carbonate, pyroxyl, garnet, etc. Studies have shown that Kimbelie magma is formed below 150 kilometers of the deep earth. Because this rock was first discovered in Kingsley, South Africa, it was named after the name.
A original rocks containing diamonds are called potassium magnesium latroite. It is an over -alkaline magnesium volcanic rock, which is mainly formed by white garnet and volcanic glass. Wuling in minerals, typical origin is Argyle in western Australia.
The research through research on different mines from the world and the primary parcel minerals found that the formation of diamonds is generally pressure at 4.5-6.0GPa (equivalent to the depth of 150-200km), and the temperature is 1100-1500 Celsius. Although theoretically, diamonds can be formed in various periods/stages of the history of the earth, and most of the diamonds are formed among the mining of the mine 3.3 billion years ago and 1.2-17 billion years. For example, some diamonds in South Africa are about 4.5 billion, indicating that these diamonds have begun to crystallize in the deep part of the earth shortly after the birth of the earth. Diamonds are the oldest gems in the world. The formation of diamonds requires a long historical process, which can be confirmed from the ancient stable mainland regions from the ancient stabilization of the earth. In addition, the impact of the earth on the earth can produce instantaneous high temperature and high pressure, and can also form diamonds. For example, before 1988, the Soviet Academy of Sciences reported that diamonds were found in meteorites, but the diamonds formed by this effect were not economic value.
The scarce diamonds mainly appear in two types of rocks, one is olive rocks, and the other is a dumpling rock, but the former is economic significant. There are two types of diamonds containing diamonds: Kimbelie Rock () (name derived from South Africa's name -Kimbelie) and potassium magnesium porroeite (Lamproite). The rocks formed deep in the earth are taken from volcanic activities to the surface or shallow earth. This magma is mostly produced in rock -shaped output, so it is commonly known as "tube mine" (that is, native mine). Diamond -containing Jinbieliyan or potassium magnesium Huanghuangbianyan exposed on the surface. After the wind and rain, the plane effects of the earth were weathered and crushed. Under the flowing of the water, the broken original rock was taken to the riverbed, and even the coast. The area of ​​the zone has been taken down to form a deposit sand mines (or secondary mining bed).

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